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Dermatologic disorders in psychiatric patients treated with typical and atypical neuroleptics

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Streszczenie

Skin reactions deserve a particular attention because they are the most common among all adverse drug reactions. Dermatological disorders can be merely one and the only symptom of adverse drug reaction, but they can also be an element of the whole group of symptoms. Therefore, skin is regarded as a signalling organ. Neuroleptics constitute a group of drugs giving a large number of side effects. These symptoms are connected with various organs and body systems. Since the introduction of the first typical neuroleptic drug, psychiatrists have observed dermatological disorders in patients treated with these neuroleptics. Most of these disorders are treated effectively and they are not dangerous for the patient. Hyperpigmentation, photosensitivity, urticaria and pruritus are most often observed. However, there is insufficient data dealing with dermatological disorders in patients treated with atypical neuroleptics drugs. Aim: The aim of the study was to establish and compare types of dermatological disorders in patients with mental disorders, treated with typical and atypical neuroleptics. Methods and materials: In the study 42 patients hospitalised and treated with neuroleptic drugs in a psychiatric hospital took part. In the assessment of the group analysis of medical documentation was used – psychiatric diagnosis according to ICD-10, dermatological diagnosis and current neuroleptic therapy. Results and conclusions: 42.9% of the subjects were treated with typical neuroleptic and 57.1% with atypical one. Sebaceous gland diseases dominated in both groups, and additionally allergic disorders in patients treated with atypical neuroleptics.

Słowa kluczowe
dermatological disorders, adverse drug reactions, prevention, atypical neuroleptics, typical neuroleptics