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Changes in cognitive performance during supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with schizophrenia – a systematic review

Marta Grancow-Grabka1, Agnieszka Gmitrowicz1, Agnieszka Pawełczyk2, Tomasz Pawełczyk2

Affiliacja i adres do korespondencji
Psychiatr Psychol Klin 2016, 16 (3), p. 155–159
DOI: 10.15557/PiPK.2016.0021
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Streszczenie

Cognitive function deficit is a constant phenomenon described in the population of patients with schizophrenia – in the premorbid period, during exacerbations and between the successive episodes. Cognitive dysfunction is an independent prognostic factor in schizophrenia. Studies indicate that this pathology dimension affects patient-functioning indicators, such as: treatment and rehabilitation outcomes, cooperation during treatment, professional, family and social functioning, the ability to live independently as well as the quality of life. Current methods for the treatment of schizophrenia fail to ensure sufficient improvement in this dimension of the disease. The usefulness of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, both as a monotherapy and an augmentation of antipsychotic treatment in schizophrenia, has been investigated during the last 25 years. The obtained results are inconclusive, however, a positive tendency in the outcomes related to symptomatic improvement have been observed. The effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on the cognitive functioning of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia has been relatively rarely evaluated. However, there is a theoretical rationale for the beneficial effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on cognitive function. The known effects of these substances that could contribute to the improvement in cognitive function include: immunomodulatory effects in the CNS, improvement of oxidative stress parameters, changes in neurotransmission as well as effects on neuroplasticity. The aim of this paper is to present a systematic review of research findings on the changes in cognitive performance in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia who receive omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation.

Słowa kluczowe
schizophrenia, cognitive functions, cognitive deficit, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, supplementation