Introduction and objective: The aim of the study was to determine whether the relationship between intelligence and the risk of violence, as measured by the Historical Clinical Risk Management-20, version 3 (HCR-20^v3), in a Polish context, aligns with the findings of international studies. In addition, the focus was on identifying moderators of this relationship. A total of 202 male inmates were involved in the study. Materials and methods: Data essential for statistical analysis was acquired using the HCR-20 and the Structured Assessment of Protective Factors (SAPROF) scale. Results: The protective role of intelligence and educational attainment was observed within the studied group. Higher intelligence levels emerged as a significant mitigating factor, correlating with reduced historical risk, clinical risk, severity of risk management, and final risk assessments among incarcerated males. Educational attainment emerged as a significant moderator, influencing the association between intelligence levels and the following scales: historical risk, risk management, and final risk assessment. Conclusions: The study highlighted the protective role of education as a moderator between personality disorders and clinical and final risk (case priority). It was established that the combined factors of education level and income collectively acted as substantial moderators in shaping the relationship between intelligence level and historical risk, risk management level, and final risk assessments. Understanding these moderating influences in the relationship between intelligence and violence improves the risk management process, allowing for the identification of specific protective factors tailored to distinct categories of offenders. This insight contributes to a more nuanced and targeted approach to mitigating the risk of violence within incarcerated population.